Supplementary MaterialsAdditional document 1: Figure S1. Figure S5. Alignment of SUMO ligase SIZ1 type protein sequences. SAP, PHD, MIZ/SP-RING domains, PINIT and SXS motifs are indicated above the sequence by blue lines. Residue numbers are shown for each polypeptide. Grey and black boxes identify similar and conserved amino acids, respectively. Dashes denote gaps. 12870_2019_2136_MOESM5_ESM.tif (1.7M) GUID:?F8A5440E-7964-4D5F-A3C7-0CFF4E695D13 Additional file 6: Figure S6. Alignment of SUMO ligase PIAL type protein sequences. MIZ/SP-RING domains and SIMs are indicated above the sequence by blue lines. Residue numbers are shown for each polypeptide. Grey and black boxes identify similar and conserved amino acids, respectively. Dashes denote gaps. 12870_2019_2136_MOESM6_ESM.tif (1.1M) GUID:?F668FE57-65D7-4493-9D07-EEE94D2767CE Additional file 7: Figure S7. Alignment of SUMO ligase MMS21 type protein sequences. SP-RING domains are indicated above the sequence by blue bare. Residue numbers are shown for each polypeptide. Grey and black boxes identify similar and conserved amino acids, respectively. Dashes denote gaps. 12870_2019_2136_MOESM7_ESM.tif (805K) GUID:?5F7EC249-3C04-480B-A770-C6E816C8C133 Additional file 8: Figure S8. Sequence alignment of the SUMO protease family in peanut. The extent of the C48 Peptidase domain is indicated above the sequence alignment by blue lines. Residue numbers are shown for each polypeptide. Grey and black boxes identify similar and conserved amino acids, respectively. Dashes denote gaps. 12870_2019_2136_MOESM8_ESM.tif (1.3M) GUID:?287587E9-2905-490B-96F2-1EE77AEEEE37 Additional file 9: Table S1. The amino acid sequences of the SUMO pathway components in this study. 12870_2019_2136_MOESM9_ESM.xlsx (45K) GUID:?1B61F85D-E466-4F7A-AFCA-8A3C59F4C965 Additional file 10: Table S2. RNA-Seq data of SUMO pathway genes in peanut. 12870_2019_2136_MOESM10_ESM.xls (36K) GUID:?F17AA686-CE8C-4162-BE74-ED66450650B3 Data Availability StatementThe materials used during the current study are available from the corresponding authors on reasonable request. Abstract Background Posttranslational modification of proteins by small ubiquitin like modifier (SUMO) proteins play an important role during the developmental process JNJ 26854165 and in response to abiotic stresses in plants. However, little is known about SUMOylation in peanut (L.), one of the worlds major food legume crops. In this study, we characterized the SUMOylation system from the diploid progenitor genomes of peanut, (AA) and (BB). Results Genome-wide analysis revealed the presence of 40 SUMO system genes in and and genes exhibited pod-specific expression patterns, implying coordinated regulation during pod development. Furthermore, both transcripts and conjugate profiles revealed that SUMOylation has significant roles during the pod development. Moreover, dynamic changes in the SUMO conjugates were observed in response to abiotic stresses. Conclusions The identification JNJ 26854165 and organization of peanut SUMO system revealed SUMOylation has important iNOS (phospho-Tyr151) antibody roles during stress defense and pod development. The present study will serve as a resource for providing new strategies to enhance agronomic yield and reveal the mechanism of peanut pod development. single mutants, and and double mutants are embryo lethal [7, 8], which confirms that the core conjugation cascade is essential in Arabidopsis, since it is in pets [9]. The ULP dual mutants exhibit decreased seed arranged and self-fertilization [10, 11]. An identical phenomenon is seen in ULP mutants [12, 13]. Research using loss-of-function mutants of E3 ligase possess determined many SUMO substrates involved with nutritional homeostasis, signaling by human hormones (gibberellins (GA), SA, abscisic acidity (ABA)), light-sensing, stem cell maintenance, as well as the photoperiodic JNJ 26854165 control of flowering [14C19]. Alternatively, SUMO is definitely established as a solid participant in the vegetable tension program [20C22]. JNJ 26854165 In Arabidopsis, it really is well established how the great quantity of SUMO conjugates raises in response to different abiotic tensions such as for example high salinity, temperature, freezing, drought, and oxidative tension [13, 23C28]. Lately, several potential SUMOylation focuses on involved with abiotic tensions were determined using proteomics [23, 29, 30]. Cultivated peanut (L.) can be an essential essential oil crop for human being nutrition and expanded world broadly [31]. Peanut can be allotetraploid (AABB, 2n?=?4(AA genome) and (BB genome), and underwent spontaneous genome duplication [32 subsequently, 33]. The initial feature of peanut fruits advancement would be that the fertilization happens in the bouquets above the bottom however the fruits develop beneath the ground. Pursuing fertilization, an intercalary meristem at the bottom from the ovary goes through active division resulting in a directed stalk-like structure known as the peg [34]. Following the peg penetrates in to the soil, the ultimate end from the peg expands to create the pod. After that, the pod builds up and an adult peanut pod is produced [35, 36]. The subterranean fructification is the most prominent characteristic of seed production in peanut and thus has the biologically important for studying organogenesis and evolution [37]. Additionally, peanut often cultivated in the semiarid tropical regions, are often exposed to water stress (mid-season.